Python中的copy与deepcopy

In [1]: import copy
In [2]: a = [1, 2, 3]
In [3]: b = [4 ,5 ,6]
In [4]: c = [a, b]
In [5]: d = copy.copy(c)
In [6]: id(c)
Out[6]: 4578276616
In [7]: id(d)
Out[7]: 4578334600
In [8]: id(c[0])
Out[8]: 4578509768
In [9]: id(d[0])
Out[9]: 4578509768
In [10]: e = copy.deepcopy(c)
In [11]: id(e)
Out[11]: 4578533704
In [12]: id(e[0])
Out[12]: 4578477576

copy/deepcopy方法作用于不可变数据类型：

In [1]: import copy
In [2]: a = (1, 2, 3)
In [3]: b = (4, 5, 6)
In [4]: c = (a, b)
In [5]: d = copy.copy(c)
In [6]: id(c)
Out[6]: 4414753736
In [7]: id(d)
Out[7]: 4414753736
In [8]: e = copy.deepcopy(c)
In [9]: id(e)
Out[9]: 4414753736
In [10]: id(c[0])
Out[10]: 4377084768
In [11]: id(d[0])
Out[11]: 4377084768
In [12]: id(e[0])
Out[12]: 4377084768

总结：

1. a = b，a和b指向同一内存地址。
2. deepcopy 深拷贝，递归拷贝内部所有值，全部开辟新的内存地址。
3. copy可变类型(比如list)，最外层开辟新的内存地址，内部的值不开辟新的内存地址4. copy不可变类型(比如tuple)，最外层不开辟新的内存地址。